How to keep your dog or cat safe during Halloween

Halloween can be lots of fun for children and adults but it can be a scary time for cats and dogs with plenty of hazards involved.

The dangers range from causing discomfort to upset tummies and even death.

With the spooky celebrations fast approaching, here are all the things pet owners need to watch out for.

Food

If your house is participating in trick or treating this is an important one to consider, especially if there are dogs in the household.

Dogs have an incredible ability to sniff out the tastiest food even if it's toxic to them and well hidden. So keep chocolate and sugar-free lollies out of reach.

"Chocolate contains theobromine, a chemical also known as xantheose that adversely affects the heart, lungs, kidney and central nervous system. Generally, the darker the chocolate, the more dangerous," Dr Katrina Warren told nine.com.au.

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"Symptoms of chocolate poisoning include restlessness, hyperactivity, increased thirst, increased urination, panting and seizures. If you think your pet has consumed chocolate or if you notice these symptoms, please contact your veterinarian immediately for advice."

As for sugar-free lollies, these contain xylitol, which is a sweetener and it's toxic to dogs.

"When dogs consume xylitol, it is very quickly absorbed into the bloodstream, resulting in a potent release of insulin that can cause a rapid drop in blood sugar. This can be life-threatening if not treated quickly," Dr Katrina explained.

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"If you think your dog has eaten something sugar-free, check the ingredient list for xylitol and then call your vet if they have."

Chocolate and lolly wrappers are also a concern as dogs will just chew straight threw them and eat it along with the treat. This can cause choking or an obstruction in their intestines, so call your vet if you see your dog vomiting, uninterested in eating or unable to pass stools.

As for pumpkin, dogs can only eat it the flesh if it hasn't been seasoned or mixed in with anything else. The raw skin, leaves and stem can be a choking hazard so is best avoided.

Decorations

Pumpkins don't have to be eaten to cause a danger to pets, if they're painted or chemically treated to use as decorations that's a concern too.

"Pets are naturally curious and may chew or lick these decorations. This can lead to mouth irritation, stomach upset, or even poisoning if the decorations contain paints, varnishes, or other chemicals," Dr Heather Burton, Veterinary Advisor at Budget Pet Products, said.

It's worth considering flameless candles, as any decorations featuring real flames can cause burns if cats or dogs bump them or brush past them.

Another decoration that poses a threat is small plastic items like fake spiders and eyeballs. These are a choking hazard so either keep your dog or cat somewhere safe while these are out or avoid them.

Fairy lights and fake cobwebs round out the list of hazardous decorations. They can result in tangling or strangling, with cats particularly at risk since they love climbing.

Costumes

Cats and dogs look incredibly cute when dressed in costumes but as much as we love seeing it, they often find it hugely uncomfortable, and even distressing.

If making the costume yourself it mustn't be too tight, nor too loose, made of non-toxic fabrics and free of small, loose items that could be choking hazards.

It's also important to introduce the costume to your pet gradually, rather than thrusting it upon them on October 31 just before you head out the door.

"Tight or awkward-fitting costumes can limit a pet's ability to move, breathe, or sit comfortably, potentially leading to distress or even injury, which is an increased risk with DIY costumes trending on social media," Meredith Gallanty, head trainer (Pet Academy and Obedience) Petbarn told nine.com.au.

"Another important consideration is temperature – pets may overheat in costumes, especially while out walking during trick or treating. Ensure your pet is not too hot and be prepared to take their costume off if they become too warm."

If buying a ready made costume, ensure it fits your animal and is suitable for their level of comfort. This is why going to a pet store and seeking the expertise of staff can be helpful.

Once you've chosen a costume and put it on your pet, you must supervise them to ensure they're not getting uncomfortable or anxious.

"Pets who move freely, show a relaxed body posture, and interact with their environment are likely comfortable in their costume. Some practice wearing the costume in the days leading up to Halloween is a good idea – pair the wearing of the costume with treats and other positive associations to help your pet to feel comfortable," Gallanty said.

"That said, it is essential to continuously monitor your pet's reactions, as their tolerance may change over time. If any signs of stress or agitation appear, it's advisable to remove the costume immediately and alleviate their discomfort."

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