Australia's PMs and how they lost office

AUSTRALIA'S PREVIOUS PRIME MINISTERS AND HOW THEY LOST OFFICE:

KEVIN RUDD 2013 (Labor): Lost election to Tony Abbott, retired from politics.

JULIA GILLARD 2010-2013 (Labor): Ousted by Rudd after she spilled the leadership, retired following the loss.

KEVIN RUDD 2007-2013 (Labor): Resigned after Gillard challenged him for the leadership. Sat on the backbench until re-elected in 2013.

JOHN HOWARD 1996-2007 (Liberal): Lost election and his seat in parliament to Rudd and Labor after successful "Kevin 07" campaign.

PAUL KEATING 1991-1996 (Labor): Defeated by Howard in election, resigned from parliament.

BOB HAWKE 1983-1991 (Labor): Defeated in leadership ballot by Keating 56-51. Stayed on briefly as a backbencher before retiring.

MALCOLM FRASER 1975-1983 (Liberal): Defeated by Hawke in general election. Retired from parliament.

GOUGH WHITLAM 1972- 1975 (Labor) Dismissed by Governor-General Sir John Kerr after the Senate delayed passage of appropriation bills. Lost subsequent election to Fraser.

WILLIAM MCMAHON 1971-1972 (Liberal): Lost election to Whitlam. Retired from parliament.

JOHN GORTON 1968-1971 (Liberal): Lost to McMahon after calling a leadership spill.

JOHN MCEWEN 1967-1968 (Country Party) Interim prime minister following death of Holt until Gorton was elected.

HAROLD HOLT 1966-1967 (Liberal): Disappeared while swimming near Portsea, Victoria and presumed drowned. McEwen appointed interim prime minister.

ROBERT MENZIES 1949-1966 (Liberal): Resigned from parliament, making him the last prime minister to leave office on his own terms. Former treasurer Holt took over leadership.

BEN CHIFLEY 1945-1949 (Labor): Defeated by Menzies in election.

FRANCIS FORDE 1945 (Labor): Prime minister for eight days following Curtin's death, until Labor elected Chifley.

JOHN CURTIN 1941-1945 (Labor): Died from heart disease while in office. Forde appointed caretaker prime minister.

ARTHUR FADDEN 1941 (Country Party:) Lost election to Curtin.

ROBERT MENZIES 1939-1941 (United Australia Party): Resigned as prime minister handing over to Hughes, then Fadden. Live to fight another day.

EARLE PAGE 1939 (Country Party): Caretaker prime minister. Lost leadership when UAP elected Menzies

JOSEPH LYONS 1932-1939 (United Australia Party): Died suddenly of heart attack, Page was appointed caretaker prime minister.

JAMES SCULLIN 1929-1932 (Labor): Defeated by Lyons in election.

STANLEY MELBOURNE BRUCE 1923-1929 (Nationalist Party): Lost in election to Scullin. First prime minister to lose his seat in a general election.

WILLIAM MORRIS HUGHES 1915-1923 (Labor and then Nationalist Party): Nationalist Party displaced Hughes as prime minister and appointed Bruce.

ANDREW FISHER 1914-1915 (Labor) Forced to resign as prime minister and replaced by Hughes who later jumped ship to the Nationalist Party.

JOSEPH COOK 1913-1914 (Commonwealth Liberal Party): Lost double-dissolution election to Fisher.

ANDREW FISHER 1910-1913 (Labor): Defeated in election by Cook who held a one-seat majority in the House of Representatives.

ALFRED DEAKIN 1909-1910 (Commonwealth Liberal Party) Defeated in election by Fisher.

ANDREW FISHER 1908-1909 (Labor): Ousted by Deakin when Fisher formed fusion of three non-Labor groups and gained majority.

ALFRED DEAKIN 1905-1908 (Protectionist): Ousted when Labor withdrew support for his minority government, Fisher became prime minister.

GEORGE REID 1904-1905 (The Free Trade Party): Protectionists and Labor joined to claim majority, forcing out his government.

CHRIS WATSON 1904 (Labor): Resigned after failing to convince the governor-general to dissolve parliament. Reid took over as prime minister.

ALFRED DEAKIN 1903-1904 (Protectionist) Resigned after Labor withdrew support. Watson look over as prime minister.

EDMUND BARTON 1901-1903 (Protectionist) Resigned as prime minister to become a judge of the High Court of Australia. Deakin replaced him.

* Kevin Rudd and Robert Menzies are the only first-term prime ministers to be removed by their own party.