Thousands evacuated as tallest dam in the US threatens to crumble

Thousands of people have been ordered to evacuate after water started flowing over an emergency spillway at the tallest dam in the United States, near Oroville in Northern California.

Water began running over the emergency spillway of Oroville Dam around 8 am local time, according to California's Department of Water Resources.

It was the first time the emergency spillway has been used in the reservoir's nearly 50-year history.

Water is expected to continuing flowing over the emergency spillway for 38 to 56 hours, agency spokesman Eric See said at a news conference Saturday afternoon.

In addition to the emergency spillway, water is also flowing through the main spillway that was significantly damaged from erosion, he said.

"This is a very unusual event for us here in Oroville," Mr See said.

At least 130,000 people in nearby communities have been ordered to evacuate, The Guardian reported.

Officials have stressed Oroville Dam is sound and there is no imminent threat to the public.

Unexpected erosion chewed through the main spillway earlier this week, sending chunks of concrete flying and creating a 60-metre-long, nine-metre-deep hole that continues growing.

Engineers do not know what caused the cave-in that is expected to keep getting bigger until it reaches bedrock.

Bill Croyle, the Department of Water Resources' acting director, said officials are continuously monitoring the erosion both on site and through cameras.

"This is mother nature kind of kicking us a few times here," he said.

Mr Croyle said the main spillway will need a "complete replacement" from the damage. Officials noted earlier this week that the cost of repairing the dam could approach $100 million, but they noted the estimate was an early, ballpark figure.

State officials had also been attempting to rescue millions of hatchery-raised fish imperilled by muddy water flowing downstream alongside the damaged spillway, after sections of its concrete walls collapsed earlier this week

About 240km north-east of San Francisco, Lake Oroville is one of California's largest man-made lakes, and the 230m high Oroville Dam is the nation's tallest.

The lake is a central piece of California's government-run water delivery network, supplying water for agriculture in the Central Valley and residents and businesses in Southern California.

With AP