US to send special forces ground troops to Syria

US president Barack Obama has authorized the first sustained deployment of special forces to Syria, relenting on a long-standing refusal to put boots on the ground.

Mr Obama has approved a deployment of "fewer than 50" special operations forces in the north of the war-ravaged nation in a bid to strengthen forces fighting the Islamic State (ISIL) group, spokesman Josh Earnest said.

The White House denied the move was a reversal of Mr Obama's pledge not to put combat troops in Syria, saying Americans would not be "leading the charge up the hill" and insisting it was not evidence of "mission creep."

"Our strategy in Syria hasn't changed," Mr Earnest said.

Instead, officials indicated the mission would echo some US operations in Iraq, where military personnel coordinate local ground forces, channel weapons supplies and direct air support.

But even in Iraq, the line between combat and non-combat troops has been hazy.

US forces took part in a recent raid on a jihadist-run prison in northern Iraq, resulting in the first death of a US serviceman in action in Iraq since 2011.

For over a year, the US has led a 65-member coalition that has conducted air strikes against more than 13,000 ISIL targets in Iraq and Syria.

But in Syria, efforts to battle jihadists have been plagued by the complexities of a civil war that has killed more than 240,000 people since March 2011 and prompted the most serious refugee crisis since World War II.

Amid Mr Obama's reluctance to become enmeshed in another Middle East war, the US-backed opposition - a uneasy mix of Kurds, Shiite and Sunni Arabs - has been reluctant to fight Islamic State jihadists rather than President Bashar al-Assad.

Meanwhile they have come under attack from Assad's forces, ISIL fighters, Iranian-backed Hezbollah, groups linked to Al-Qaeda, and, more recently, Russian air strikes.

Mr Obama recently scrapped a $600 million mission to train Syrian opposition fighters.

The White House announced overnight the deployment of A-10 ground-attack planes and F-15 tactical fighter jets to the Incirlik base in southern Turkey and increased assistance to Lebanon and Jordan as part of the ramped up effort.

Experts said the US announcement could foreshadow an assault on the Islamic State group's bases in Raqa in Syria and Ramadi in Iraq.

"It's not clear that this will be enough to take Raqa," said Faysal Itani of the Atlantic Council.

"However, it could help attract local recruits to what will be seen as an empowered effort, and perhaps help build some trust between Kurdish and Arab forces."