Vet's tips for keeping pets safe in winter

In Australia, our winters are considered mild compared to many parts of the world, but our pets can suffer in the cold.

While many long-haired breeds have thick double coats and are comfortable in cold conditions, those with shorter coats or a low percentage of body fat will often struggle. 

Senior dogs and small breeds find it harder to regulate their body temperature and if exposed to extreme cold for too long, pets can suffer from hypothermia and frostbite.

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Hypothermia occurs when the body temperature drops below normal and can be mild to severe. 

Signs will vary depending on the severity and may start with shivering and whining, slowing down, anxiety and can progress to pale gums, laboured breathing and loss of consciousness. 

If you suspect hypothermia, wrap your pet in warm blankets and seek veterinary care immediately.

Frostbite occurs when the skin is exposed to extreme cold for some time, and the blood vessels constrict to preserve the core body temperature. 

Animals that are outdoors in winter are most susceptible. Frostbite usually occurs on the extremities – ears, paws, and tail. This reduced blood flow, combined with the cold conditions, can cause severe injury or tissue death.

Signs may include pain when touching certain areas, discolouration of the skin, swelling, blisters, and blistered skin.

If you suspect your pet may have frostbite, please seek medical attention urgently.

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Top tips keep your pet safe this winter

Warm shelter: Pets must always have access to a warm, insulated place to shelter and sleep. Bedding should be elevated off the ground.

Clothing: If your pet walks outdoors in frost or snow, consider pet booties to keep their feet warm and dry. Many dogs also benefit from wearing a jacket when outdoors.

Clean their paws: After walks, always wipe and dry your pet's paws. Check between the pads to make sure no mud is stuck.

Hydration: Dehydration can still occur in winter, so ensure your pet has access to fresh, unfrozen water.

Heaters: Vets often treat burn injuries from pets injuring themselves on heaters or fireplaces. Always supervise and monitor pets around heaters. They should be at a safe distance, as some heaters become very hot to touch. 

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Many pet retailers sell pet safe heating pads, which can be a safe alternative to help keep pets warm in winter. Don't be tempted to use human heating pads, as these can run too hot for pets.

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